I think Satan is included in the reference, and may be the primary referent.
On the one hand:
i) Paul seems to use a synonymous designation in Eph 2:2, which parallels the thought in 2 Cor 4:4.
ii) To say "the theos of this age" has a pejorative ring, which evokes dominion of the present evil world order. And it connotes a temporary state of affairs.
iii) Theos can be a title for angels, as divine deputies. God delegates some "ruling" authority to some angels. And that can carry over to fallen angels as territorial spirits.
On the other hand, Scripture typically ascribes spiritual blinding and related metaphors (hardening, deafening) to divine agency.
There may be a false dichotomy in choosing between two different referents inasmuch as Satan is an instrument of God. God may use Satan to blind some unbelievers.
After all, Scripture doesn't say *how* God blinds (hardens, deafens) the lost.
One example might be the relationship between pagan witchcraft and occult bondage.
Do you think in 2 Cor. 4:4 it's speaking of Satan or Yahweh?
ReplyDeleteI think Satan is included in the reference, and may be the primary referent.
DeleteOn the one hand:
i) Paul seems to use a synonymous designation in Eph 2:2, which parallels the thought in 2 Cor 4:4.
ii) To say "the theos of this age" has a pejorative ring, which evokes dominion of the present evil world order. And it connotes a temporary state of affairs.
iii) Theos can be a title for angels, as divine deputies. God delegates some "ruling" authority to some angels. And that can carry over to fallen angels as territorial spirits.
On the other hand, Scripture typically ascribes spiritual blinding and related metaphors (hardening, deafening) to divine agency.
There may be a false dichotomy in choosing between two different referents inasmuch as Satan is an instrument of God. God may use Satan to blind some unbelievers.
After all, Scripture doesn't say *how* God blinds (hardens, deafens) the lost.
One example might be the relationship between pagan witchcraft and occult bondage.
Doesn't anyone ever find it odd most of these antifas do this intimidation with masks on?
ReplyDelete